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| − | = The use of EAD in the Archives Portal Europe =
| + | The content of this page has been integrated into the [https://www.archivesportaleurope.net/tools/for-content-providers/standards/apeead/ website of Archives Portal Europe] now. You can also check out the more specific page on [https://www.archivesportaleurope.net/tools/for-content-providers/standards/ead2002-in-archives-portal-europe/ the use of EAD 2002 in Archives Portal Europe] for more detailed information. |
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| − | The most important archival standard used by the Archives Portal Europe is Encoded Archival Description (EAD), an XML standard for encoding archival finding aids, maintained by the [https://www2.archivists.org/groups/technical-subcommittee-on-encoded-archival-standards-ts-eas Technical Subcommittee for Encoded Archival Standards (TS-EAS)] of the [https://www2.archivists.org/ Society of American Archivists (SAA)], in partnership with the Library of Congress.
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| − | <div><br/>__TOC__<br/></div>
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| − | == Describing holdings and collections ==
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| − | The development of the EAD standard began with a project initiated by the University of California, Berkeley Library in 1993, led by Daniel Pitti. The requirements for the encoding standard then included – and still include today – the following criteria:
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| − | * ability to present extensive and interrelated descriptive information found in archival finding aids,
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| − | * ability to preserve the hierarchical relationships existing between levels of description,
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| − | * ability to represent descriptive information that is inherited by one hierarchical level from another,
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| − | * ability to move within a hierarchical informational structure,
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| − | * support for element-specific indexing and retrieval.
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| − | EAD is by now used world wide for data exchange between archival institutions and for Internet presentations of archival descriptive information. It is especially applied for trans-institutional and trans-national projects like the [http://www.archivesportaleurope.net Archives Portal Europe].
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| − | The first version of EAD, v1.0, was published in 1998, the second version, EAD2002, was released in December 2002 and the work on the revision of EAD2002, which led to the current version, [[EAD3|EAD3]], was started in 2010 and finished in August 2015. Currently the TS-EAS of the SAA is working on a first update of EAD3, v1.1, which will probably be released in the summer of 2018.
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| − | * Go to the [http://www.loc.gov/ead/ official EAD homepage] on the website of the Library of Congress
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| − | * Go to the [http://www.loc.gov/ead/tglib/index.html official EAD2002 Tag Library] to learn more about EAD2002 elements and attributes available.
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| − | * Go to the [http://www.loc.gov/ead/EAD3taglib/index.html official EAD3 Tag Library] to learn more about EAD3 elements and attributes available
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| − | * Go to the SAA website for [https://www2.archivists.org/groups/encoded-archival-standards-section/frequently-asked-questions-about-ead-and-ead3#.V31DfP4UVaR Frequently Asked Questions] about EAD in general and EAD3 in particular
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| − | * See the [https://www.ica.org/en/isadg-general-international-standard-archival-description-second-edition General International Standard Archival Description (ISAD(G)] as correspondent describing standard as maintained by the International Council on Archives (ICA).
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| − | == The use of EAD as backbone within the three-layers-concept of the Archives Portal Europe ==
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| − | Within the Archives Portal Europe EAD is used with a concept of three interrelated and interconnected layers of description. Each of them consists of individual documents structured internally with the levels of EAD.<br/><br/>
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| − | The first layer, the '''Archival Landscape''', consists of one EAD document and has the function of a sort of umbrella for the whole providing users of the Archives Portal Europe with a starting point for navigational research by:
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| − | * naming all participating archival institutions in a structured way (f.i. sorted by country) with links to their more detailed descriptive information on the next lower level and
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| − | * granting access to detailed information on the institutions themselves like contact details or opening hours given in [[EAG2012|EAG]] files linked to the Archival Landscape.
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| − | The second layer, the '''Holdings Guides''', consists of a set of EAD documents containing each a structured list of fonds or record groups of every archival institution. It aims at:
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| − | * giving an overview over the fonds and collections of the single archival institutions, intended to include links to more detailed information on records creators in [[apeEAC-CPF|EAC-CPF]] files,
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| − | * providing short information on fonds and collections incl. f.i. conditions concerning their access and use and
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| − | * linking to their detailed description on the next lower level.
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| − | The third layer, the '''Finding Aids''', consists of EAD documents containing detailed description for the single fonds or record groups structured according to series and arrangement groups. Finding Aids will:
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| − | * provide detailed information on the archival material from collection level down to units' level indicating the reference numbers necessary for ordering or communication with the archival repositories and
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| − | * grant access to digitisations of the archival material, if applicable
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| − | == Defining and creating apeEAD ==
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| − | In preparation of a joint presentation of different EAD implementations of different institutions in one online access point such as Archives Portal Europe, the APEnet project came up with a specific APE EAD schema, which was called apeEAD. This schema was continually enhanced and improved along with further steps of the two Archives Portal Europe projects: [http://www.apenet.eu APEnet (2009-2012)] and [http://www.apex-project.eu APEx (20012-2015)].
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| − | The complete apeEAD schema is defined as a subset of the EAD 2002 schema fulfilling the requirements for the joint presentation in the union finding aid of the Archives Portal Europe. It is optimised for the use inside the union finding aid and contains only those parts of EAD needed for common display, for linking and identification purposes. It was drafted on the basis of a the comparison of EAD profiles and practices of the National Archives participating in the APEnet project. In cases of different possibilities it names those elements and attributes commonly used – and describes how they are used.
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| − | When you are interested in the question how to map and convert your own data into apeEAD, please refer to the mapping and normalisation guideline, one of the deliverables of the APEx project.
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| − | [[Category:Standards]]
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